Hydrocarbon-burner



(No. Model.)

2 L L. E S S U R T H HYD'ROOARBON BURNER.-

No. 471,721. Patented Mar. 2-9. 1892.

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

T. RUSSELL. HYDROGABBON BURNER.

lag-tented Mar. 29, 1892.

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UNITED STATES PATE T OFFICE.

. HENRY T. RUSSELL, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

HYDROCARBON-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.471,'721", dated March 29, 1892.

. Application filed April 17, 1890. Serial No. 348,379 (No model.) I

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HENRY '1. RUSSELL, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon-Burners, and Ido hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, ref

oils; and it consists in the features of con struction and combination of parts hereinafter fully described, and pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of a burner constructed in accordance with my invention and shown as applied to a forge or furnace, said furnace being shown in vertical section. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the burner and showing a portion of the furnace. Fig. 3 is a central vertical longitudinal sectional view of the burner, taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a view in cross-section taken on the indirect line, 4. at of Fig. 2. cross-section taken on the line 5 5 of Fig. 2.

In said drawings, A indicates a combustioncl1amber,within which combustion of the fuel takes place, and which is herein shown as constitutinga furnace or forge adapted for use in heating metal for forging, the wall bein gprovided with an opening a, through which the metal to be heated is inserted into the combustion-chamber.

13 indicates as a whole the oil-burner or device for delivering an admixture of air and 40 atomized or vaporized oil to the interior of the combustion-chamber through an opening or aperture a in the wall of the furnace. The said burner B consists in its main part of a tubular body, which is preferably made in two parts, to wit: of a casing B, having a chamber b,which is open at the inner or front end of the casing, and an inner nozzle-section D, which projects beyond the casing B and extends into or through the wall of the combustion-chamber. Said casing B is provided with a lateral air-inlet opening 1) near the rear or outer end of said casing, and the in- Fig. 5 is a view in,

ner or front end of said casing is provided with a flange 6 by means of which the said casing can be secured to the wall of the furnace.

0 indicates a nozzle 0r oil-pipe located centrally within the chamber 1) and conveniently sustained in the rear wall b thereof. The said nozzle 0 extends into the chamber b to a point beyond the side opening I)" and is provided with a small opening 0. The said nozzle 0 passes through the said rear wall of the chamber and is connected with a short pipe 0', which is closed at its outer end by means of a plug a and which is connected with a supply-pipe 0 arranged at right angles with the pipe 0'. By removing the plug 0 the interior of the nozzle 0 may be reached by means of a straight tool for cleaning the same. The supply-pipe c is connected with a suitable source supplying oil, and is provided with a suitable regulating-valve c for controlling the supply of oil to the nozzle.

The nozzle-section D is provided with" a rearwardly-extending portion (1, fitting the opening in the end of the casing B fand which is engaged by a bolt or screw (1, passing through a perforation in the walls of the easing for holding said parts together. The external portion 01 of said nozzle-section has a greater diameter than the bearing portion d, thereby forming a shoulder d between said parts, which rests against the flange b when said burner is in position.

D indicates a pin secured to the interior of the burner-piece and having apointed end d located immediately in front of and in line with the opening 0 in the nozzle 0, said pin serving to divide and separate the stream of oil as it issues from the said nozzle. The oil issuing from said opening with considerable force and coming in contact with said pin, is in practice broken up or atomized by it, and is projected into and through the nozzle-section in afinely-divided or atomized state.

Air for supporting combustion is supplied through the side opening I) of the chamberb. 17* indicates a coupling-piece provided with a flange b on three sides thereof, through which flange b are inserted bolts or screws for securing'the said coupling-piece to the casing B. Attached to said coupling 12 is an air-duct b, communicating with a source the supply of air to the combustion-chamber.

b indicates apin or projection, which serves to limit the outward movement of the gate 19 The casing B is provided conveniently at its side opposite that at which the supply-pipe b is located with a laterally-extending portion B which extends from the rear end of the chamberbto a point near the forward end thereof, and is provided with a passage B leading from the rear portion of the chamber 1) forwardly to a point in front of the nozzle 0. The passage B is extended through the rearward extension dof the burner-piece by means of an opening d formed in said bearing portion d adjacent to the forward end of the passage B and communicating therewith. The said opening d leads obliquely from the forward end of the passage 13 and communicates with a spirally-arranged grooved, formed in the interior of the burner-piece D. The said spiral groove d is conveniently made to pass around the interior of the burner-piece about one and a half times. The said nozzle-section is provided interiorly at its forward end with an inwardly-proj ectingannular flange d B indicates a suitable stop-cock or valve, located in the passage B and provided with a handle I) for turning the same. Said stopcock B serves to limit the supply of air to the burner-piece in an obvious manner.-

It follows from the construction of the burner-piece above described-that is to say, the spirally and tangentially arranged perforation d leading from the passage B and the spiral groove d that the air admitted to the burner-piece through the said passage will be given a splral or rotary motion in consequence I thereof.

The operation of my invention is as follows: In the drawings I have shown, for example,

the parts in the positions they will assume I when the burner is in operation-that is to say, when the oil is being supplied to thenozzle O and the air is being supplied through the coupling 12 to the chamber 12 directly to V the burner-piece and also through the passage B from the chamber 6 to the burner-. piece. The oil in escaping from the small aperture in the end of the nozzle comes in contact with the pointed endd of the pin D, and is thereby broken up or divided, owing to the force with which it issues from the said nozzle, and is carried with the air-current from the air-pipe 19 through the nozzle-section in an atomized state. The stop-cock B being open, a portion of the air in the chamber b,which is supplied thereto under considerable pressure by any convenient means for this purpose, passes from the said chamber b through the passage E the perforations d in the burner-piece, and into the interior of said burner-piece. The said air simply issuing from thespiral perforation d passes along the spiral, groove 01 in the interior of the burner-piece, and is given thereby a whirling or rotary motion, producing a thorough commingling of the air with the atomized oil. Combustion takes place as the admixture of atomized oiland air is delivered from the noz zle or while within the same. Preferably the air delivered throughthe duct 6 is heated, so as to aid in the evaporation of the oil and to promote rapid combustion of, the same.

In practice it, is found that owing to centrifugal action due, to the rapid spiral motion given the atomized oil within the nozzle-sec- 7 some particles of oil might issue from the mouth of the burner-piece without burning; but by being stopped by said flange such particles will remain on the inner surface of the nozzle-section until vaporized and carried away by the current of hot air passing thereth-rough. The nozzle-section D, by reason of the intense heat to which it is subjected, often becomesv destroyed or burned out; but by making it in a separate piece, as shown, it can be readily removed from the .burner and a new one substituted.

It will of course be understood that the rela tive quantity of air delivered through the main air-passage and the branch passage B may be regulated or controlled by the valve B and that the air-supply will be controlled by the gate-valve b so as to obtain a flame of a desired character, according to the work to be doneas, for instance, when used for a boiler-furnace a flame of great length and volume will be desiredwhile in the case of a forgesuch as is shown in the accompanying drawingsthe flame need not be of greater volume than will fill the combustionchamber.

I claim as my invention- 1. An oil-burner comprising a tubular oasing open at its discharge end, an oil-nozzle placed within said casing, a pin having a pointed end located directly in front of and in close proximity to said nozzle, a main airsupply, and an auxiliary air-passage, the latter supplying air under pressure to the casing in front of the nozzle, substantially as described. I

2. An oil-burner comprising a tubular casing open at its discharge end, an oil nozzle placed within said casing, a pin having a pointedend located directly in front of and in close proximity to said nozzle, a main airsupply, and an auxiliary air-passage, the latter supplying air under pressure to the casing and opening thereinto in front of both nozzle and pin.

3. An oil-burner comprising a tubular casing open at its discharge end, an oil-nozzle located therein, a pin having a pointed end located in front of and adjacent to said nozzle, a main air-supply, an auxiliary air-passage, the latter supplying air to said casingin front of the nozzle, and means for giving rotary or spiral motion to the air within the casing, substantially as described.

4. An oil-burner comprising a tubular casing having an inwardly-projecting flange at its forward end, an oil-nozzle placedtherein, a/rnain air-supply, an auxiliary air-passage, the latter supplying air to said casing in advance of the nozzle, and means for giving rotary or spiral motion to the air within the casing, substantially as described.

'5. An oil-burner comprising a tubular casing having an inwardly-projecting annular flange at its forward end, an oil-nozzle located therein, an air-passage supplying air under pressure to said casing, means giving rotary or spiral motion to the air within the casing, and a pin having a pointed end located in front of said nozzle.

6. An oil-burner comprising a tubular casing, an oil-nozzle located therein, a removable burner-piece located in one end of said casing, and a pin having apointed end secured to said burner-piece and having said pointed end located in front of said nozzle, the outer part of said casing being stationary and the inner part removably secured thereto, substantially as described.

7. An oil-burner comprising a tubular casing open at its discharge end, an oil-nozzle 10- cated therein, a pin having a pointed end located in' front of said nozzle, a pipe or passage supplying air to said casing in the rear of the ments by an apertured partition, an oil-burning nozzle located in the inner or forward compartment, an air-supply pipe or passage communicating with the rear or outer compartment, and an air-supply pipe communicating with-the said inner or forward compartment, substantially as described.

9. An oil-burner comprising a tubular casingdividedinto two compartments by an apertured partition, an oil-burning nozzle located in the inner or forward compartment, a pipe or passage for supplying air communication with the outer or rear compartment, and a pipe or passage leading from said outer compartment and communicating with the inner compartment atone side thereof, substantiallyas described.

10. An oil-burner comprising a tubular casing divided into two compartments by an apertured partition, an oil-burning nozzle located in the inner or forward compartment, a pipe or passage for supplying air communication with the outer or rear compartment, a pipe or. passage leading from said outer compartment and communicating with the inner conipartmentat one side thereof, and a valve in said pipe or passage, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my inventionI affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

. Witnesses:

M. E. DAYTON, CHARLES T. BROWN.

HENRY T. RUssELL. 

